// Copyright 2012 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
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#ifndef DOUBLE_CONVERSION_DOUBLE_CONVERSION_H_
#define DOUBLE_CONVERSION_DOUBLE_CONVERSION_H_

#include "utils.h"

namespace double_conversion {

    class DoubleToStringConverter {
    public:
        // When calling ToFixed with a double > 10^kMaxFixedDigitsBeforePoint
        // or a requested_digits parameter > kMaxFixedDigitsAfterPoint then the
        // function returns false.
        static const int kMaxFixedDigitsBeforePoint = 60;
        static const int kMaxFixedDigitsAfterPoint = 60;

        // When calling ToExponential with a requested_digits
        // parameter > kMaxExponentialDigits then the function returns false.
        static const int kMaxExponentialDigits = 120;

        // When calling ToPrecision with a requested_digits
        // parameter < kMinPrecisionDigits or requested_digits > kMaxPrecisionDigits
        // then the function returns false.
        static const int kMinPrecisionDigits = 1;
        static const int kMaxPrecisionDigits = 120;

        enum Flags {
            NO_FLAGS = 0,
            EMIT_POSITIVE_EXPONENT_SIGN = 1,
            EMIT_TRAILING_DECIMAL_POINT = 2,
            EMIT_TRAILING_ZERO_AFTER_POINT = 4,
            UNIQUE_ZERO = 8
        };

        // Flags should be a bit-or combination of the possible Flags-enum.
        //  - NO_FLAGS: no special flags.
        //  - EMIT_POSITIVE_EXPONENT_SIGN: when the number is converted into exponent
        //    form, emits a '+' for positive exponents. Example: 1.2e+2.
        //  - EMIT_TRAILING_DECIMAL_POINT: when the input number is an integer and is
        //    converted into decimal format then a trailing decimal point is appended.
        //    Example: 2345.0 is converted to "2345.".
        //  - EMIT_TRAILING_ZERO_AFTER_POINT: in addition to a trailing decimal point
        //    emits a trailing '0'-character. This flag requires the
        //    EXMIT_TRAILING_DECIMAL_POINT flag.
        //    Example: 2345.0 is converted to "2345.0".
        //  - UNIQUE_ZERO: "-0.0" is converted to "0.0".
        //
        // Infinity symbol and nan_symbol provide the string representation for these
        // special values. If the string is NULL and the special value is encountered
        // then the conversion functions return false.
        //
        // The exponent_character is used in exponential representations. It is
        // usually 'e' or 'E'.
        //
        // When converting to the shortest representation the converter will
        // represent input numbers in decimal format if they are in the interval
        // [10^decimal_in_shortest_low; 10^decimal_in_shortest_high[
        //    (lower boundary included, greater boundary excluded).
        // Example: with decimal_in_shortest_low = -6 and
        //               decimal_in_shortest_high = 21:
        //   ToShortest(0.000001)  -> "0.000001"
        //   ToShortest(0.0000001) -> "1e-7"
        //   ToShortest(111111111111111111111.0)  -> "111111111111111110000"
        //   ToShortest(100000000000000000000.0)  -> "100000000000000000000"
        //   ToShortest(1111111111111111111111.0) -> "1.1111111111111111e+21"
        //
        // When converting to precision mode the converter may add
        // max_leading_padding_zeroes before returning the number in exponential
        // format.
        // Example with max_leading_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode = 6.
        //   ToPrecision(0.0000012345, 2) -> "0.0000012"
        //   ToPrecision(0.00000012345, 2) -> "1.2e-7"
        // Similarily the converter may add up to
        // max_trailing_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode in precision mode to avoid
        // returning an exponential representation. A zero added by the
        // EMIT_TRAILING_ZERO_AFTER_POINT flag is counted for this limit.
        // Examples for max_trailing_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode = 1:
        //   ToPrecision(230.0, 2) -> "230"
        //   ToPrecision(230.0, 2) -> "230."  with EMIT_TRAILING_DECIMAL_POINT.
        //   ToPrecision(230.0, 2) -> "2.3e2" with EMIT_TRAILING_ZERO_AFTER_POINT.
        DoubleToStringConverter(int flags,
            const char* infinity_symbol,
            const char* nan_symbol,
            char exponent_character,
            int decimal_in_shortest_low,
            int decimal_in_shortest_high,
            int max_leading_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode,
            int max_trailing_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode)
            : flags_(flags),
            infinity_symbol_(infinity_symbol),
            nan_symbol_(nan_symbol),
            exponent_character_(exponent_character),
            decimal_in_shortest_low_(decimal_in_shortest_low),
            decimal_in_shortest_high_(decimal_in_shortest_high),
            max_leading_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode_(
                max_leading_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode),
            max_trailing_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode_(
                max_trailing_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode) {
            // When 'trailing zero after the point' is set, then 'trailing point'
            // must be set too.
            ASSERT(((flags & EMIT_TRAILING_DECIMAL_POINT) != 0) ||
                !((flags & EMIT_TRAILING_ZERO_AFTER_POINT) != 0));
        }

        // Returns a converter following the EcmaScript specification.
        static const DoubleToStringConverter& EcmaScriptConverter();

        // Computes the shortest string of digits that correctly represent the input
        // number. Depending on decimal_in_shortest_low and decimal_in_shortest_high
        // (see constructor) it then either returns a decimal representation, or an
        // exponential representation.
        // Example with decimal_in_shortest_low = -6,
        //              decimal_in_shortest_high = 21,
        //              EMIT_POSITIVE_EXPONENT_SIGN activated, and
        //              EMIT_TRAILING_DECIMAL_POINT deactived:
        //   ToShortest(0.000001)  -> "0.000001"
        //   ToShortest(0.0000001) -> "1e-7"
        //   ToShortest(111111111111111111111.0)  -> "111111111111111110000"
        //   ToShortest(100000000000000000000.0)  -> "100000000000000000000"
        //   ToShortest(1111111111111111111111.0) -> "1.1111111111111111e+21"
        //
        // Note: the conversion may round the output if the returned string
        // is accurate enough to uniquely identify the input-number.
        // For example the most precise representation of the double 9e59 equals
        // "899999999999999918767229449717619953810131273674690656206848", but
        // the converter will return the shorter (but still correct) "9e59".
        //
        // Returns true if the conversion succeeds. The conversion always succeeds
        // except when the input value is special and no infinity_symbol or
        // nan_symbol has been given to the constructor.
        bool ToShortest(double value, StringBuilder* result_builder) const {
            return ToShortestIeeeNumber(value, result_builder, SHORTEST);
        }

        // Same as ToShortest, but for single-precision floats.
        bool ToShortestSingle(float value, StringBuilder* result_builder) const {
            return ToShortestIeeeNumber(value, result_builder, SHORTEST_SINGLE);
        }


        // Computes a decimal representation with a fixed number of digits after the
        // decimal point. The last emitted digit is rounded.
        //
        // Examples:
        //   ToFixed(3.12, 1) -> "3.1"
        //   ToFixed(3.1415, 3) -> "3.142"
        //   ToFixed(1234.56789, 4) -> "1234.5679"
        //   ToFixed(1.23, 5) -> "1.23000"
        //   ToFixed(0.1, 4) -> "0.1000"
        //   ToFixed(1e30, 2) -> "1000000000000000019884624838656.00"
        //   ToFixed(0.1, 30) -> "0.100000000000000005551115123126"
        //   ToFixed(0.1, 17) -> "0.10000000000000001"
        //
        // If requested_digits equals 0, then the tail of the result depends on
        // the EMIT_TRAILING_DECIMAL_POINT and EMIT_TRAILING_ZERO_AFTER_POINT.
        // Examples, for requested_digits == 0,
        //   let EMIT_TRAILING_DECIMAL_POINT and EMIT_TRAILING_ZERO_AFTER_POINT be
        //    - false and false: then 123.45 -> 123
        //                             0.678 -> 1
        //    - true and false: then 123.45 -> 123.
        //                            0.678 -> 1.
        //    - true and true: then 123.45 -> 123.0
        //                           0.678 -> 1.0
        //
        // Returns true if the conversion succeeds. The conversion always succeeds
        // except for the following cases:
        //   - the input value is special and no infinity_symbol or nan_symbol has
        //     been provided to the constructor,
        //   - 'value' > 10^kMaxFixedDigitsBeforePoint, or
        //   - 'requested_digits' > kMaxFixedDigitsAfterPoint.
        // The last two conditions imply that the result will never contain more than
        // 1 + kMaxFixedDigitsBeforePoint + 1 + kMaxFixedDigitsAfterPoint characters
        // (one additional character for the sign, and one for the decimal point).
        bool ToFixed(double value,
            int requested_digits,
            StringBuilder* result_builder) const;

        // Computes a representation in exponential format with requested_digits
        // after the decimal point. The last emitted digit is rounded.
        // If requested_digits equals -1, then the shortest exponential representation
        // is computed.
        //
        // Examples with EMIT_POSITIVE_EXPONENT_SIGN deactivated, and
        //               exponent_character set to 'e'.
        //   ToExponential(3.12, 1) -> "3.1e0"
        //   ToExponential(5.0, 3) -> "5.000e0"
        //   ToExponential(0.001, 2) -> "1.00e-3"
        //   ToExponential(3.1415, -1) -> "3.1415e0"
        //   ToExponential(3.1415, 4) -> "3.1415e0"
        //   ToExponential(3.1415, 3) -> "3.142e0"
        //   ToExponential(123456789000000, 3) -> "1.235e14"
        //   ToExponential(1000000000000000019884624838656.0, -1) -> "1e30"
        //   ToExponential(1000000000000000019884624838656.0, 32) ->
        //                     "1.00000000000000001988462483865600e30"
        //   ToExponential(1234, 0) -> "1e3"
        //
        // Returns true if the conversion succeeds. The conversion always succeeds
        // except for the following cases:
        //   - the input value is special and no infinity_symbol or nan_symbol has
        //     been provided to the constructor,
        //   - 'requested_digits' > kMaxExponentialDigits.
        // The last condition implies that the result will never contain more than
        // kMaxExponentialDigits + 8 characters (the sign, the digit before the
        // decimal point, the decimal point, the exponent character, the
        // exponent's sign, and at most 3 exponent digits).
        bool ToExponential(double value,
            int requested_digits,
            StringBuilder* result_builder) const;

        // Computes 'precision' leading digits of the given 'value' and returns them
        // either in exponential or decimal format, depending on
        // max_{leading|trailing}_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode (given to the
        // constructor).
        // The last computed digit is rounded.
        //
        // Example with max_leading_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode = 6.
        //   ToPrecision(0.0000012345, 2) -> "0.0000012"
        //   ToPrecision(0.00000012345, 2) -> "1.2e-7"
        // Similarily the converter may add up to
        // max_trailing_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode in precision mode to avoid
        // returning an exponential representation. A zero added by the
        // EMIT_TRAILING_ZERO_AFTER_POINT flag is counted for this limit.
        // Examples for max_trailing_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode = 1:
        //   ToPrecision(230.0, 2) -> "230"
        //   ToPrecision(230.0, 2) -> "230."  with EMIT_TRAILING_DECIMAL_POINT.
        //   ToPrecision(230.0, 2) -> "2.3e2" with EMIT_TRAILING_ZERO_AFTER_POINT.
        // Examples for max_trailing_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode = 3, and no
        //    EMIT_TRAILING_ZERO_AFTER_POINT:
        //   ToPrecision(123450.0, 6) -> "123450"
        //   ToPrecision(123450.0, 5) -> "123450"
        //   ToPrecision(123450.0, 4) -> "123500"
        //   ToPrecision(123450.0, 3) -> "123000"
        //   ToPrecision(123450.0, 2) -> "1.2e5"
        //
        // Returns true if the conversion succeeds. The conversion always succeeds
        // except for the following cases:
        //   - the input value is special and no infinity_symbol or nan_symbol has
        //     been provided to the constructor,
        //   - precision < kMinPericisionDigits
        //   - precision > kMaxPrecisionDigits
        // The last condition implies that the result will never contain more than
        // kMaxPrecisionDigits + 7 characters (the sign, the decimal point, the
        // exponent character, the exponent's sign, and at most 3 exponent digits).
        bool ToPrecision(double value,
            int precision,
            StringBuilder* result_builder) const;

        enum DtoaMode {
            // Produce the shortest correct representation.
            // For example the output of 0.299999999999999988897 is (the less accurate
            // but correct) 0.3.
            SHORTEST,
            // Same as SHORTEST, but for single-precision floats.
            SHORTEST_SINGLE,
            // Produce a fixed number of digits after the decimal point.
            // For instance fixed(0.1, 4) becomes 0.1000
            // If the input number is big, the output will be big.
            FIXED,
            // Fixed number of digits (independent of the decimal point).
            PRECISION
        };

        // The maximal number of digits that are needed to emit a double in base 10.
        // A higher precision can be achieved by using more digits, but the shortest
        // accurate representation of any double will never use more digits than
        // kBase10MaximalLength.
        // Note that DoubleToAscii null-terminates its input. So the given buffer
        // should be at least kBase10MaximalLength + 1 characters long.
        static const int kBase10MaximalLength = 17;

        // Converts the given double 'v' to ascii. 'v' must not be NaN, +Infinity, or
        // -Infinity. In SHORTEST_SINGLE-mode this restriction also applies to 'v'
        // after it has been casted to a single-precision float. That is, in this
        // mode static_cast<float>(v) must not be NaN, +Infinity or -Infinity.
        //
        // The result should be interpreted as buffer * 10^(point-length).
        //
        // The output depends on the given mode:
        //  - SHORTEST: produce the least amount of digits for which the internal
        //   identity requirement is still satisfied. If the digits are printed
        //   (together with the correct exponent) then reading this number will give
        //   'v' again. The buffer will choose the representation that is closest to
        //   'v'. If there are two at the same distance, than the one farther away
        //   from 0 is chosen (halfway cases - ending with 5 - are rounded up).
        //   In this mode the 'requested_digits' parameter is ignored.
        //  - SHORTEST_SINGLE: same as SHORTEST but with single-precision.
        //  - FIXED: produces digits necessary to print a given number with
        //   'requested_digits' digits after the decimal point. The produced digits
        //   might be too short in which case the caller has to fill the remainder
        //   with '0's.
        //   Example: toFixed(0.001, 5) is allowed to return buffer="1", point=-2.
        //   Halfway cases are rounded towards +/-Infinity (away from 0). The call
        //   toFixed(0.15, 2) thus returns buffer="2", point=0.
        //   The returned buffer may contain digits that would be truncated from the
        //   shortest representation of the input.
        //  - PRECISION: produces 'requested_digits' where the first digit is not '0'.
        //   Even though the length of produced digits usually equals
        //   'requested_digits', the function is allowed to return fewer digits, in
        //   which case the caller has to fill the missing digits with '0's.
        //   Halfway cases are again rounded away from 0.
        // DoubleToAscii expects the given buffer to be big enough to hold all
        // digits and a terminating null-character. In SHORTEST-mode it expects a
        // buffer of at least kBase10MaximalLength + 1. In all other modes the
        // requested_digits parameter and the padding-zeroes limit the size of the
        // output. Don't forget the decimal point, the exponent character and the
        // terminating null-character when computing the maximal output size.
        // The given length is only used in debug mode to ensure the buffer is big
        // enough.
        static void DoubleToAscii(double v,
            DtoaMode mode,
            int requested_digits,
            char* buffer,
            int buffer_length,
            bool* sign,
            int* length,
            int* point);

    private:
        // Implementation for ToShortest and ToShortestSingle.
        bool ToShortestIeeeNumber(double value,
            StringBuilder* result_builder,
            DtoaMode mode) const;

        // If the value is a special value (NaN or Infinity) constructs the
        // corresponding string using the configured infinity/nan-symbol.
        // If either of them is NULL or the value is not special then the
        // function returns false.
        bool HandleSpecialValues(double value, StringBuilder* result_builder) const;
        // Constructs an exponential representation (i.e. 1.234e56).
        // The given exponent assumes a decimal point after the first decimal digit.
        void CreateExponentialRepresentation(const char* decimal_digits,
            int length,
            int exponent,
            StringBuilder* result_builder) const;
        // Creates a decimal representation (i.e 1234.5678).
        void CreateDecimalRepresentation(const char* decimal_digits,
            int length,
            int decimal_point,
            int digits_after_point,
            StringBuilder* result_builder) const;

        const int flags_;
        const char* const infinity_symbol_;
        const char* const nan_symbol_;
        const char exponent_character_;
        const int decimal_in_shortest_low_;
        const int decimal_in_shortest_high_;
        const int max_leading_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode_;
        const int max_trailing_padding_zeroes_in_precision_mode_;

        DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(DoubleToStringConverter);
    };


    class StringToDoubleConverter {
    public:
        // Enumeration for allowing octals and ignoring junk when converting
        // strings to numbers.
        enum Flags {
            NO_FLAGS = 0,
            ALLOW_HEX = 1,
            ALLOW_OCTALS = 2,
            ALLOW_TRAILING_JUNK = 4,
            ALLOW_LEADING_SPACES = 8,
            ALLOW_TRAILING_SPACES = 16,
            ALLOW_SPACES_AFTER_SIGN = 32
        };

        // Flags should be a bit-or combination of the possible Flags-enum.
        //  - NO_FLAGS: no special flags.
        //  - ALLOW_HEX: recognizes the prefix "0x". Hex numbers may only be integers.
        //      Ex: StringToDouble("0x1234") -> 4660.0
        //          In StringToDouble("0x1234.56") the characters ".56" are trailing
        //          junk. The result of the call is hence dependent on
        //          the ALLOW_TRAILING_JUNK flag and/or the junk value.
        //      With this flag "0x" is a junk-string. Even with ALLOW_TRAILING_JUNK,
        //      the string will not be parsed as "0" followed by junk.
        //
        //  - ALLOW_OCTALS: recognizes the prefix "0" for octals:
        //      If a sequence of octal digits starts with '0', then the number is
        //      read as octal integer. Octal numbers may only be integers.
        //      Ex: StringToDouble("01234") -> 668.0
        //          StringToDouble("012349") -> 12349.0  // Not a sequence of octal
        //                                               // digits.
        //          In StringToDouble("01234.56") the characters ".56" are trailing
        //          junk. The result of the call is hence dependent on
        //          the ALLOW_TRAILING_JUNK flag and/or the junk value.
        //          In StringToDouble("01234e56") the characters "e56" are trailing
        //          junk, too.
        //  - ALLOW_TRAILING_JUNK: ignore trailing characters that are not part of
        //      a double literal.
        //  - ALLOW_LEADING_SPACES: skip over leading spaces.
        //  - ALLOW_TRAILING_SPACES: ignore trailing spaces.
        //  - ALLOW_SPACES_AFTER_SIGN: ignore spaces after the sign.
        //       Ex: StringToDouble("-   123.2") -> -123.2.
        //           StringToDouble("+   123.2") -> 123.2
        //
        // empty_string_value is returned when an empty string is given as input.
        // If ALLOW_LEADING_SPACES or ALLOW_TRAILING_SPACES are set, then a string
        // containing only spaces is converted to the 'empty_string_value', too.
        //
        // junk_string_value is returned when
        //  a) ALLOW_TRAILING_JUNK is not set, and a junk character (a character not
        //     part of a double-literal) is found.
        //  b) ALLOW_TRAILING_JUNK is set, but the string does not start with a
        //     double literal.
        //
        // infinity_symbol and nan_symbol are strings that are used to detect
        // inputs that represent infinity and NaN. They can be null, in which case
        // they are ignored.
        // The conversion routine first reads any possible signs. Then it compares the
        // following character of the input-string with the first character of
        // the infinity, and nan-symbol. If either matches, the function assumes, that
        // a match has been found, and expects the following input characters to match
        // the remaining characters of the special-value symbol.
        // This means that the following restrictions apply to special-value symbols:
        //  - they must not start with signs ('+', or '-'),
        //  - they must not have the same first character.
        //  - they must not start with digits.
        //
        // Examples:
        //  flags = ALLOW_HEX | ALLOW_TRAILING_JUNK,
        //  empty_string_value = 0.0,
        //  junk_string_value = NaN,
        //  infinity_symbol = "infinity",
        //  nan_symbol = "nan":
        //    StringToDouble("0x1234") -> 4660.0.
        //    StringToDouble("0x1234K") -> 4660.0.
        //    StringToDouble("") -> 0.0  // empty_string_value.
        //    StringToDouble(" ") -> NaN  // junk_string_value.
        //    StringToDouble(" 1") -> NaN  // junk_string_value.
        //    StringToDouble("0x") -> NaN  // junk_string_value.
        //    StringToDouble("-123.45") -> -123.45.
        //    StringToDouble("--123.45") -> NaN  // junk_string_value.
        //    StringToDouble("123e45") -> 123e45.
        //    StringToDouble("123E45") -> 123e45.
        //    StringToDouble("123e+45") -> 123e45.
        //    StringToDouble("123E-45") -> 123e-45.
        //    StringToDouble("123e") -> 123.0  // trailing junk ignored.
        //    StringToDouble("123e-") -> 123.0  // trailing junk ignored.
        //    StringToDouble("+NaN") -> NaN  // NaN string literal.
        //    StringToDouble("-infinity") -> -inf.  // infinity literal.
        //    StringToDouble("Infinity") -> NaN  // junk_string_value.
        //
        //  flags = ALLOW_OCTAL | ALLOW_LEADING_SPACES,
        //  empty_string_value = 0.0,
        //  junk_string_value = NaN,
        //  infinity_symbol = NULL,
        //  nan_symbol = NULL:
        //    StringToDouble("0x1234") -> NaN  // junk_string_value.
        //    StringToDouble("01234") -> 668.0.
        //    StringToDouble("") -> 0.0  // empty_string_value.
        //    StringToDouble(" ") -> 0.0  // empty_string_value.
        //    StringToDouble(" 1") -> 1.0
        //    StringToDouble("0x") -> NaN  // junk_string_value.
        //    StringToDouble("0123e45") -> NaN  // junk_string_value.
        //    StringToDouble("01239E45") -> 1239e45.
        //    StringToDouble("-infinity") -> NaN  // junk_string_value.
        //    StringToDouble("NaN") -> NaN  // junk_string_value.
        StringToDoubleConverter(int flags,
            double empty_string_value,
            double junk_string_value,
            const char* infinity_symbol,
            const char* nan_symbol)
            : flags_(flags),
            empty_string_value_(empty_string_value),
            junk_string_value_(junk_string_value),
            infinity_symbol_(infinity_symbol),
            nan_symbol_(nan_symbol) {
        }

        // Performs the conversion.
        // The output parameter 'processed_characters_count' is set to the number
        // of characters that have been processed to read the number.
        // Spaces than are processed with ALLOW_{LEADING|TRAILING}_SPACES are included
        // in the 'processed_characters_count'. Trailing junk is never included.
        template<typename T>
        double StringToDouble(const T* buffer,
            int length,
            int* processed_characters_count) const {
            return StringToIeee<T>(buffer, length, processed_characters_count, true);
        }

        // Same as StringToDouble but reads a float.
        // Note that this is not equivalent to static_cast<float>(StringToDouble(...))
        // due to potential double-rounding.
        template<typename T>
        float StringToFloat(const T* buffer,
            int length,
            int* processed_characters_count) const {
            return static_cast<float>(StringToIeee<T>(buffer, length,
                processed_characters_count, false));
        }

    private:
        const int flags_;
        const double empty_string_value_;
        const double junk_string_value_;
        const char* const infinity_symbol_;
        const char* const nan_symbol_;

        template<typename T>
        double StringToIeee(const T* buffer,
            int length,
            int* processed_characters_count,
            bool read_as_double) const;

        DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(StringToDoubleConverter);
    };

}  // namespace double_conversion

#endif  // DOUBLE_CONVERSION_DOUBLE_CONVERSION_H_
